How to write a paper in apa
Research Paper Topics On Slavery
Wednesday, September 2, 2020
Reserve Banking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Save Banking - Essay Example Then again, full-save banking is famous as 100% hold banking which includes options in contrast to the partial save banking approach. Along these lines, banks are called to keep up full measure of the contributors assets through a money premise prepared for immediate withdrawal on customerââ¬â¢s request. Assets which are saved by the clients inside the interest store accounts and financial records are not advanced out on the grounds that they are lawfully required to keep up full store for fulfillment of potential installment requests (Daly and Farley 65). The recommendations of full save banking frameworks don't connect limitations on stores which are not payable to the interest on investment accounts or time stores. The alleviation of dangers of bank works dependent on bigger extents of the investors trying to withdrawal from the stores given occasions. The issues are across the board and outrageous, fundamental emergencies, the current governments for most countries administer and control business banks. This includes giving store protection and going about as loaning stages for final retreat among business banks. In various countries, national bank or option money related authority directs the bank credit creation while forcing capital sufficiency proportions and save necessities. This cutoff points measures of cash creation while building up the business banking framework while helping banks have dissolvability (Daly and Farley 121). It profits enough assets for satisfying need for existing withdrawals. Further, there is an immediate breaking point for cash flexibly for which national banks seek after financing costs and target controls of bank credit issuances. Fiscal changes, which is incorporated inside full-save banking are proposed inside various settings which are outstandingly settled as reactions to the Great Depression. No country over the world is in necessity of full-hold banking. The time of post-World War II indicated negligible
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Research Paper (Ford Motor Company) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
(Passage Motor Company) - Research Paper Example The companyââ¬â¢s clients are brand steadfast and continue coming back to it. Passage has likewise made positive attitude in the general public through its endeavors in network relations. It began a bosom malignant growth mindfulness crusade in which various famous people were roped in. progressively finished, the organization has widely given to noble cause and has held reserve raisers. Fordââ¬â¢s representative base is exceptionally solid. It offers different motivators to its representatives who are inspired and convey quality work. For example the ââ¬Å"thumbieâ⬠grant is given over to representatives who are capable, demonstrate solid pledge to work and to clients. The organization is additionally known to offer high wages. Subsequently the staff stays content and cheerful. Passage has additionally kept up great relations and is all around spoke with its present and planned financial specialists. The organization is expeditious in its reportingââ¬â¢s of profit and misfortunes which can all be openly gotten to. Fordââ¬â¢s system of merchants is extremely thick and has numerous sellers spread world over. The Weaknesses: Economic downturn has stressed financial specialists at Ford over plunging deals and benefits. The money position of the organization has tumbled down to $4 billion from $15 billion in only a year. It additionally faces the chance of a credit downsize. Thus investors are not getting their ideal quantifiable profit. Passage utilized a ââ¬Å"voluntary division programâ⬠to lay off its workers during downturn times. The laborers were not educated about the chance of employment cuts before hand. Accordingly, inspiration levels got influenced. Despite the fact that the HR at Ford, minimized this, yet cutback hit workers hard who become uncertain of their occupations. Portage likewise cut down on their additional time after 2001. This prompted rising disappointment among the laborers for being specialist and not being remune rated fittingly. Around 10 plants work after some time in Ford today. Fordââ¬â¢s relations with its clients have additionally been rough. A year ago it reviewed around 2 million vehicles which drifted the organization billions of dollars. (Drucker, 1995) Performance Gaps Fordââ¬â¢s relationship with its clients has cut off throughout the years. Its client advantage programââ¬â¢s execution ought to have driven incomes home however they didn't. Fordââ¬â¢s the board was additionally under an inappropriate impression that it was taking care of its workers well. The presentation of its representatives ought to have improved throughout the years to emotional outcomes yet it didn't. Fordââ¬â¢s HR felt that they comprehended worker needs yet they neglected to understand that representatives were progressively attractive of adaptable advantages and correspondence existed inside the Ford. There is a serious absence of inspiration right now. Fordââ¬â¢s income ought to have be en past 20 billion dollars however it isn't Addressing the Gap Role of Human asset division is critical to connect any holes between execution desires and execution conveyed. So as to address the shortcomings Ford needs to redo the resolve of the representatives. Direct one-on-one execution examinations with the workers, have an intensive comprehension of representative desires and set desires for the organization. Workers ought to be normally repaid with rewards and grants. This will consequently help their certainty and their belongingness to the Ford. HRD ought to likewise take a shot at great relations with the clients. For this the workers who are legitimately in contact with the customers ought to be sent through a preparation program on relationship the executives. Meetings and courses ought to be led to prep and train the workers on this perspective. Thirdly, HR needs to enlist individuals who are expert at their correspondence and dealing abilities
Friday, August 21, 2020
My Life Journey Sandra Reynaga free essay sample
My name is Sandra Reengage Im twenty seven years of age, Im a mother of two amazing young men that I absolutely love with all me heart. Im additionally draw in to a brilliant individual that means everything to me. Im initially from Los Angels California; my folks are Mexican with the goal that makes me Mexican American. I originate from a major group of nine kin; Im the second individual in my family to attend a university. I will probably turn into a social specialist and accommodate my family, I need my youngsters to be glad for me and follow my means that would be my fantasy to see my children attend a university and accomplish their goals.I have an awesome family that underpins me on all that I do; I was raise on an extremely poor side of Los Angels California my folks consistently showed us how to be free and buckle down for our objectives throughout everyday life and never surrender. We will compose a custom article test on My Life Journey: Sandra Reynaga or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page At the point when I was youthful my folks gave my kin and I visit addresses about the significance of steadiness. What astounded me as a grown-up was the amount they experienced their never surrender message toward us, when we required them the most. What's more, that is a similar genuine model I need for my children to follow.I will presently proceed onward and proceed with an incredible excursion. Im an exceptionally basic lady I state basic since I dont request a lot of just for what I buckle down for and accomplish with my difficult work and exertion. Im as of now an understudy at Fresno City College Im concentrating to turn into a social specialist. During my time without school, I had made It my objective to return to class and increase as much information on my friends and follow my objective. The beginning of school came; I was apprehensive however with this anxiety came a mind-boggling feeling of fervor and interest that was longing to be explored.College Is tied in with learning in the homeroom, yet additionally learning outside the study hall. The motivation behind why I chose to go to school Is a direct result of such a significant number of reasons one of them Is for my family I need to have the option to accommodate them. I need a superior future and attending a university Is a great approach, Its quite applicable. Likewise my beau aides and supports me with all that he generally gives me exceptional help Im so lucky to have him In my life. Since I have Introduced myself and said some portion of my life Journey.I will center and gain from your insight that you will present to us In class. I will likewise try to finish this undertaking by cutoff time and gain passing marks. I realize It wont be a simple fight, however I sure realize that each and every second of me reading for another profession In my fife would be completely justified, despite all the trouble. With the help, and love that my family gives me and confidence the sky is the limit I see myself as a contender and a survivor, I realize Ill be alright and triumph through this Journey has Just began.My Life Journey: Sandra Reengage By applicant laborer. During my time without school, I had made it my objective to return to of energy and interest that was longing to be investigated. School isn't just about chosen to go to school is a direct result of such a large number of reasons one of them is for my family I need to have the option to accommodate them. I need a superior future and heading off to college is a partner decent approach, its quite pertinent. Additionally my beau aides and supports me in my life.Now that I have presented myself and said some portion of my life Journey. I will center and gain from your insight that you will present to us in class. I will likewise try to finish this undertaking by cutoff time and gain passing marks. I realize it wont be a simple fight, however I sure realize that each and every second of me reading for another vocation in my life would be totally justified, despite all the trouble. With the help, and love that my family gives me and confidence the sky is the limit I see myself as a contender and a survivor.
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Essay Topics For College Argumentative Essay
Essay Topics For College Argumentative EssayAn excellent way to ensure that your essay is written in a compelling manner is to find the best argumentative essay topics that you can come up with. Essay topics are like the engine that drives your essay. Without it, your piece of writing would just be another collection of random information. Your topic will always come down to how you use your personal experiences, passions, beliefs, observations, and so on to convince your reader to think along your exact same lines.When I have a subject that I need to write an essay on, I will look for argumentative essay topics on websites, bulletin boards, or private Internet discussion groups that relate to the subject matter. Some topics may be really broad, while others may focus on a very specific area. When choosing your topic, make sure that you will be able to express yourself clearly and effectively.You may also check out the many free online essay topics that you can find by searching on t he Internet. Using these sites will help you be able to fit more information and ideas into the paper. These are much like essay topics that you could search for in the newspaper or magazine.The number one tip when writing an essay is to write as fast as you can. This will ensure that your essay is perfect when it comes to topics and layout. The best part about an essay is that it allows you to communicate your thoughts in a straightforward manner to those who are reading your piece.If you are not sure which essay topics to choose, then do a quick search for 'essay topics'. You will get lots of quality essays from different people with their own unique opinion on topics related to college argumentative essay topics.If you do not find a lot of essay topics that match your subject matter, then try other means of writing. Try reading an essay by someone else who has already accomplished the same things that you want to accomplish, such as finding college essay topics or reading a book. When choosing good college argumentative essay topics, remember that you have to be able to present your thoughts in a concise and effective manner. Don't be afraid to write as fast as you can to ensure that your essay is in top shape.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Essay about Analysis of Psychology Through the Eyes of Faith
Analysis of Psychology Through the Eyes of Faith After reading a few of the chapters in Psychology Through the Eyes of Faith, I feel as if I have learned more in one sitting than many in years of my life. The chapters were not life altering, but simply stated things that I have overlooked. The topics that affected me most were on living with the mysteries of faith, benefits of true rest, and the emotion of happiness. Yes, they are really in no way related, but each of these topics impacted me in a different way, and made me think about what was being presented. The whole chapter entitled, On Living Peaceably With the Mysteries of Faith was really interesting. The one line that hit me the hardest was, Some issues#8230;areâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Reflecting on the above quote helped me to realize that we are completely different than God in everyway. God, being sovereign and all knowing, thinks in a way we cant comprehend. After thinking through this, it has become easier for me to have faith and depend on Christ knowing that even if I tried to worry about my life, there is no way for me to understand what God has planned for my life. Its easier to just sit back and follow Gods lead instead of trying to figure him out. The second section that made me think was the chapter entitled, The Day of Rest. This chapter talked a lot about how dependent we, as humans, are on other people. I see that aspect in myself a lot in that I am a social person. I feel most comfortable with a large group of people, and I love to talk to people about what they or myself are going through. For a while now, Ive thought that that situation is where I thrive, and a place where I get a lot out of discussion and interaction with others. After reading the chapter on resting, Ive learned that while fellowship is an important and intricate part of a growing faith, so is a time for just God and I. Times spent in solitude cannot only help my relationship with Christ grow and flourish, but it is a time that I can focus on my own well-being. If I were to constantly try to talk to others and help them with their problems, I would be too busy or stressed to deal with my own issues or struggles. I now realize that to trulyShow MoreRelated Rene Descartes Essay1271 Words à |à 6 Pageshimself, an intellectual who contributed to the field of psychology. Born in the 16th century, Descartes grew up in a society where ideas, thoughts and perceptions were not questioned but were supposed to be understood and supported. While growing up and through his studies, Descartes began to make strides in the fields of philosophy, mathematics and science. Descartes was a man who challenged accepted ideas and aided the field of psychology through his contributions to reflex theory, helping describeRead MoreA Cluster Criticism Analysis : Where Is The Love, By The Black Eye Peas1248 Words à |à 5 PagesA Cluster Criticism Analysis of ââ¬Å"Where is the Loveâ⬠By the Black Eye Peasâ⬠¨Michael A. Giron, AA of Commu nications, AA of Psychologyâ⬠¨San Francisco State Universityâ⬠¨Author Noteâ⬠¨1600 Holloway Ave.San Francisco CA 94132â⬠¨WHERE IS THE LOVE CLUSTER CRITICISM 2â⬠¨A Cluster Criticism Analysis of ââ¬Å"Where is the Loveâ⬠By the Black Eye Peasâ⬠¨Literature Reviewâ⬠¨Kenneth Burke is a specialist in symbol-systems and symbolic action, he defines rhetoricâ⬠¨as: the use of words by human agents to form attitudes or to induceRead More Comparing Symbols and Symbolism in Blue Hotel, Black Cat, Night, Alfred Prufrock, Red Wheelbarrow1620 Words à |à 7 Pagesmodes of psychology, interpretations of various colors, with emphasis to dream psychology, an analysis of the colors themselves and then their applications to literature can be readily addressed. à Colour is one of the areas in daily life in which symbolism is most readily apparent. (Fontana 66) The use of color as a source of symbolism is widespread and amidst the most traditional of sources which still possess symbolic qualities. Psychologically, colors derive such impact through relationsRead MoreAnalysis Of The Novel Young Goodman Brown By Nathaniel Hawthorne Essay1679 Words à |à 7 Pagesperceived from his piece of literature. Through evidence obtained throughout the course of the story, it will provide evidence that will give support to my original analysis as well as those who oppose my view and strike their argument on what their meaning of the story is. Nathaniel Hawthorne begins the story with the departure of a newly wedded couple, a young man named Brown and his wife, Faith. From the beginning it is easy to infer that Brownââ¬â¢s wife, Faith was something full of innocence for MrRead MoreDr. Young s Thy Word Is Truth, We Travel1810 Words à |à 8 PagesIn Dr. Youngââ¬â¢s Thy Word is Truth, we travel by faith along Scriptural reasoning exposing the true nature of Godââ¬â¢s Word, inerrant, infallible, standing alone in its identity and ability to save our souls. It is this very essential quality of Scripture purely divine, being breathed from God that Young helps us to wrestle with. Modern criticism, philosophical attacks, proof texting, accusing the Word of not being complete by attempting to add to it have all been addressed in a scholarly manner by YoungRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s All The World s A Stage 1540 Words à |à 7 Pagesbig statement about the importance and timelessness of Shakespeare s plays that Rome o and Juliet is essentially used to justify a call for reform of modern laws (241). In the psychology literature the theme of the play Romeo and Juliet is used to show what is called the Romeo and Juliet effect (Driscoll 1). The psychology is that when there is outside influence on young love, the effect is to strengthen it. Over four hundred years later, Shakespeareââ¬â¢s plays provide the name for effects which areRead More Waste Land Essay: Journey Through The Waste Land1542 Words à |à 7 PagesEliotââ¬â¢s depiction of a spiritually empty and lost society is a reflection of his inner search for a life-defining spiritual faith. Eliotââ¬â¢s message is that modern man leads a very hollow and disconnected existence because he has abandoned his spiritual values in pursuit of material wealth. Eliot begins The Waste Land by bemoaning the fact that spring exudes false hope through its evidence of new growth and destroys the numbness and warmth acquired during winterââ¬â¢s hibernation from life or feelingRead MoreReligion : Science And Religion1273 Words à |à 6 PagesScience and religion were based back in modern days to be the answer to everyone, and society as a whole to handle their issues through the church majority of the time, until science came along and changed the perspective of everyoneââ¬â¢s outlook on how they were to solve their conflicts. Within the world today they both still exist and are still being put to use for its main purpose which is to create answers to things we face that need a solution. I believe Religion started inRead MoreBetter For One s Self1727 Words à |à 7 PagesNorth America but from all over the world, reason why is because a lot of people think that this is important in life. But it can be better to find oneââ¬â¢s self and know what they would want to do instead of thinking what is right in their higher powers eyes or beliefs and can help clear the mind better. This study from mental Health, Religion culture. Vol. 17 gives a brief idea of what people think being religious is. ââ¬Å"The relationship between religiosity and mental health is a relatively well-researchedRead MoreThe Pastoral Clinic Book By Angela Garcia Takes Place On1511 Words à |à 7 Pagesmanifestation of the human desire to be released from them. Lyrically evoking the Espaà ±ola Valley and its residents through conversations, encounters, and recollections, The Pastoral Clinic is at once a devastating portrait of addiction, a rich ethnography of place, and an eloquent call for a new ethics of care. As an outsider to the drug culture, Garcia relays observations, stories, and analysis of Nuevo Dia and its patients to convey aspects of the problem. In describing her relationship with heroin addiction
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Analysis Of The Poem Salvage The Bones - 2044 Words
Analysis of Esch Batiste Jesmyn Wardââ¬â¢s novel Salvage the Bones features an underprivileged African American family from Mississippi, highlighting different challenges and plights that they faced prior and during Hurricane Katrina. The family members endured different life challenges ranging from poverty, loss of parents, neglect, violence, and sexual abuse. The story is set in a town known as Bois Savage within a locality named the pit deep in the woods, a family property, to signify its isolation from other and the low economic status. Throughout the story one character, the narrator, Esch stands out as she tries to navigate through life in a patriarchy world or rather surrounded by men. This paper analyzes the character of Esch Batiste, highlighting her struggles and transformation from the beginning of the novel to the end. Esch Batiste is 15 years old, the third born in a family of four. Her older brothers are Randal Batiste, a 17-year-old talented and promising basketball player and Skeetah, a 16-year-old and owner of a prized pit bull called China, the only other female member of the family. Her youngest brother, Junior, is seven years old. The Batiste childrenââ¬â¢s mother died when giving birth to Junior. Therefore, the children are under the care of their father Claude Batiste, who apart from during menial jobs to meet his familyââ¬â¢s needs is also a drunkard. To some extent he neglects his duty of taking care of his family. Esch is the main caregiver for her brothers andShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Poem Salvage The Bones By Danzy Senna2044 Words à |à 9 PagesBirdieââ¬â¢s white mother, who covers up her last marriage with a black man by getting into a new relationship with a white man. Additionally, Sandy conceals her revolutionary tactics by moving to New Hampshire. Finally, in Jesmyn Wardââ¬Ës novel ââ¬Å"Salvage The Bones,â⬠Esch conceals her own pregnancy. Each characterââ¬â¢s concealment reveals that stereotypes alone set up societyââ¬â¢s attitude towards an individual and only those considered ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠are safe. These stereotypes form the perception that defines an
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Data Normalising Process
Questions: Task 1You are required to perform the process of normalising the data shown in Appendix A and B to first (1NF), second (2NF) and third (3NF). Ensure you clearly outline the process you wentthrough to create the database in 3NF and identity the appropriate primary and foreign keys. Task 2You are required to create an Oracle database which will support the queries listed below for the database your have designed in Task 1. You should select appropriate data types foreach of the attributes in the tables. The database should be populated with the sample data provided in Appendix B. If you wish you can add additional data yourself.Clearly you will have to deduce the data from the table (Appendix B) that should be entered in the individual tables you created in Task 1 and insert additional information when required. Task 3In no more than 750 words, create a report that identifies how the use of cloud computing and Big Data analysis could aid the Hippocratic medical centre and similar healt h relatedinstitutions. You should identify suitable applications, and consider the benefits that could be achieved through the introduction of cloud computing and Big Data analysis, and anyrestriction that need to be overcome to achieve their introduction. Your report should be referenced using the appropriate CU Harvard approach. Answers: Database design for Hippocratic Medical Centre:- Database designis the process of producing a detail structural model of adatabase. A fully designed database comprises of the detailed structures of all the entities with their attributes, definitions, and the relationships among them. The overall database system consists of the designs and definitions of many different parts of the database. Most commonly, the logical design of the base data structures show what data to store and where to store which data. Table definitions:- The given table in Appendix B is not in a normalised form, which means there might be updation, deletion, insertion anomalies or redundancies of data existing in that table. In order to get rid of these anomalies and redundant data we need to normalise this database. In order to avoid relation, analyst divides this relation into smaller relations. The table can be divided into following relations. Given below are the table definitions, their field names, data types, field sizes and primary key and foreign key specifications: Table name:- patient Field Data type Key P_id Number(5) Primary key Fname Varchar2(20) Lname Varchar2(20) Ward Number(4) Doc_id Number(5) Foreign key Phar_id Number(5) Foreign key Table name:- doctor Field Data type Key Doc_id Number(5) Primary key Name Varchar2(30) Table name:- pharmacist Field Data type Key Phar_id Number(5) Primary key Name Varchar2(30) Table name:- medication Field Data type Key Med_id Number(5) Primary key Name Varchar2(30) Dosage Varchar2(20) Side_effect Varchar2(50) Table name:- medical_history Field Data type Key Start Date End Date Med_id Number(5) Foreign key P_id Number(5) Foreign key Doc_id Number(5) Foreign key [Note: - The tables are defined using the Oracle 11g built-in data types and are Oracle- supported data types. It will change in MySQL or other database languages.] Features of the database designing:- There are several steps involved in the designing of the database. Namely: Gathering of requirements and analysis Conceptual database design (E-R Diagram) Logical database design (table definitions, normalization, functional dependencies etc.) Physical Database design (Clustering, indexing etc.) This database design is normalized up to 3NF. By seeing the Relational Model (Table definition) we can easily develop the E-R Model and vice versa is true, which basically means steps 2 and 3 are interchangeable. Entity integrity and Referential integrity rule is set properly. Domain integrity can be set easily. Normalisation:- Normalisation is the process of dividing or breaking one or more relations to a group of smaller relations in order to get rid of data anomalies, data redundancies and to ensure data integrity. Data redundancy means existence of duplicate, or similar data in several places in the database. Mainly redundancies exist when there is unnecessary duplicity of data in different relations inside the database. Data integrity suggests that all of the data in the database strictly follow all the integrity constraints and maintain data consistency. The data in the database can be in one or more normal forms. Strictly, there are 3 basic, most common and most important normal forms. These follow a strict order: 1st normal form 2nd normal form 3rd normal form 1NF (Removing repeating elements or groups of elements in data):- First Normal Form suggests that data must not be repeated in any two or more rows of a table or relation. There should not be any repeating information and each set of domain of column must contain a unique atomic value. If we break the table given in appendix B in the following way, there are three different tables representing every patients details, the general medicine details and the medical histories of each patient respectively. (i) Patient {p_id, fname, lname, ward, doc_id, phar_id} (i) Medication {med_id, name, dosage, side_effect} (iii) Medical_history{p_id, med_id, doc_id, start, end} The primary keys for the tables are respectively p_id, med_id, and for the 3rd table the concatenated key {p_id, med_id}. In the above three tables, there are no repeating elements in any of the fields. Hence it is normalised to 1NF. 2NF (Remove partial dependencies on a concatenated key in data):- Second Normal Form suggests that partial dependency on primary key should not exist for any column or attribute. If a relation has concatenated primary key, every non-prime attribute in the table must be dependent upon the entire concatenated key and not on any part of it. The first two tables (patient table and medication table) have only one field as their primary key. Thus they have no cases of partial dependency. However for the 3rd table (medicine history table) there is a concatenated key {p_id, med_id}. Here the non-key attributes {start} and {end} are fully dependent on the whole of the concatenated key and not part of it. Thus there are no partial dependencies. Hence it is normalised up to 2NF. 3NF (Remove dependencies on non-key attribute):- Third Normal formsuggests that every non-prime attribute of a relation must depend only on the primary key of that relation, or in other way, there should be no existence of any non-prime attribute in the table which is determined by another non-prime attribute of that table. In table no. (i): patient{p_id, fname, lname, ward, doc_id, pha_id} every non-prime attribute depends on {p_id} which is the primary key. In table no (ii): medication {med_id, name, dosage, side_effect} every non-prime attribute depends on {med_id} which is the praimary key. In table no. (iii): medical_history {p_id, med_id, doc_id, start, end} every non-prime attribute depends on {p_id, med_id} which is the concatenated primary key. Hence it is normalised up to 3NF. Thus we can say that all the relations in this database follow 1NF, 2NF and 3NF. Entity-relationship diagram:- The ER-Diagram shows the specified entities and relationship among those entities. The attributes belonging to each entity are shown, including the identifier attributes (primary keys). The relationship cardinalities are also shown in the diagram Brief description of the ER-Diagram:- There are mainly four entities in the database design, namely, Patient, doctor, pharmacist, medication and medical_history. These entities are represented as a rectangular box in the ER diagram. Each entity has a set of attributes. The attributes are the fields in the specific tables. Attributes in the ER-diagram are represented inside an oval shape. Each of the relations in the database has a particular attribute or field which helps to uniquely identify each row or record in that table. This attribute is called the identifier attribute or primary key of that table or relation. The attributes which matches with another attributes in a different relation are the foreign keys. Aforeign keyin one table uniquely identifies a record in another table. In other words, theforeign keyis that column in the child table that refers to the primarykeyin the parent table. In table no. (i), patient table: {p_id} is identified as the primary key of the table as it uniquely identifies each patient. The fields: doc_id and phar_id are foreign keys from tables doctor and pharmacist respectively. In table no. (ii), doctor table: {doc_id} is identified as the primary key as it uniquely determines each doctor record. In table no. (iii), pharmacist table: {phar_id} is identified as the primary key as it uniquely determines each pharmacist record. In table no. (iv), medication table: {med_id} is set as the primary key as it uniquely identifies each medicine detail record. Table-view of the relations:- After these tables are created and populated with the sample data that has been provided in Appendix B, the tables will look like this when SQL SELECT statement is run on them. The view or output is presented below for quick reference. View :- patient table P_id Fname Lname Ward Doc_id Phar_id 0501 Shila Smith 22 D123 P001 0102 Mark Shaw 01 D123 P003 0001 Graeme Smith 23 D002 P001 0002 Diane Price 22 D003 P002 0051 Julie Dixon 33 D002 D003 0031 Cornelius Bower 21 D022 P004 0013 Ethel Weber 11 D012 P033 0012 Caroline Garen 11 D013 P001 0014 John Malone 10 D032 P033 View:- doctor table Doc_id Name D123 Stewart D002 Elshaw D003 Smith D022 Arevian D012 Jabok D013 Yi D032 Murray View:- pharmacist table Phar_id Name P001 Hamshaw P003 Sallis P002 Jennis P004 Moore P033 Holt View:- medication table Med_id Name Dosage Side_effect 1001 Citalopram 20mg Memory loss 1004 Jetrea 0.125mg Decreased vision 1010 Codeine 10mg Confusion 1009 Geodon 20mg Cough 1005 Kelfex 4g Diarreah 1011 Pristiq 50mg Cold chills 1007 Zofran 24mg Confusion 1012 Lisinopril 10mg Blurred vision 1013 Asprin 75mg Bleeding 1020 Prozac 20mg None 1111 Jelltrears 5mg Blurred vision View:- medical_history table Med_id P_id Doc_id Start End 1001 0501 D123 22/02/2014 25/04/2014 1004 0501 D123 22/05/2014 01/06/2014 1010 0102 D123 03/09/2013 06/08/2014 1009 0102 D123 04/09/2013 06/09/2013 1001 0001 D002 03/05/2012 03/10/2013 1005 0001 D002 06/06/2008 09/04/2010 1011 0001 D002 07/10/2011 22/12/2011 1004 0001 D002 22/06/2014 11/09/2014 1007 0002 D003 11/04/2005 12/08/2007 1010 0002 D003 03/07/2013 06/10/2013 1012 0051 D002 17/06/2011 17/05/2012 1004 0051 D002 22/05/2014 01/06/2014 1013 0033 D022 12/04/2012 23/07/2012 1020 0033 D022 01/04/1970 12/02/2010 1013 0013 D012 07/04/2014 11/04/2014 1020 0013 D012 03/05/2012 03/10/2013 1004 0012 D013 22/06/2014 11/09/2014 1111 0012 D013 21/05/2012 12/06/2012 1020 0014 D032 01/04/01970 12/02/2010 1010 0014 D032 03/08/2014 06/10/2014 SQL commands for the given queries:- SELECT p.f_name, p.l_name, p.ward, d.name, ph.name FROM patient p INNER JOIN doctor d ON p.doc_id=d.doc_id JOIN pharmacist ph ON p.phar_id=ph.phar_id; Output: Fname Lname ward Doc_name Phar_name Caroline Garen 22 Stewart Hamshaw Cornelius Bower 01 Elshaw Sallis Diane Price 23 Smith Jennis Ethel Weber 22 Arevian Moore Graeme Smith 33 Jabok Holt John Malone 21 Yi Jennis Julie Dixon 11 Murray Moore Mark Shaw 11 Jabok Jennis SELECT p.f_name, p.l_name, p.ward, mh.med_id, mh.start. mh.end FROM patient p INNER JOIN doctor d ON p.doc_id=d.doc_id JOIN medicine_history mh ON p.patient_id=mh.patient_id WHERE d.name=Elshaw; Output: Fname Lname Ward Med_name Graeme Smith 23 Cilatopram Graeme Smith 23 Kelfex Julie Dixon 33 Lisinopril Julie Dixon 33 Jetrea SELECT p.f_name, p.l_name, ph.name FROM patient p INNER JOIN pharmacist ph ON p.phar_id=ph.phar_id JOIN med_history mh ON p.patient_id=mh.patient_id WHERE mh.start01/01/2010; Fname Name Start Graeme Kelfex 06/06/2008 Diane zofran 11/04/2005 Caroline Prozac 1/4/1970 John Prozac 1/4/1970 SELECT d.name, m.name FROM doctor d INNER JOIN medication m ON d.doc_id=m.doc_id WHERE m.name=Aspirin OR m.name=Codeine; Name Name Stewart Codeine Smith Codeine Arevian Asprin Murray Codeine SELECT count(*) FROM patient p INNER JOIN medical_history mh ON p.p_id=mh.p_id WHERE mh.start=01/01/2014 AND mh.start=31/12/2014; SELECT d.name, p.fname, p.lname FROM patient p INNER JOIN doctor d ON p.doc_id=d.doc_id JOIN medical_history mh ON mh.p_id=p.p_id WHERE mh.start=01/01/2014 AND mh.start=31/12/2014; Output: Fname Name Shila Stewart Gareme Smith caroline Yi Cloud computing and how it can be helpful for this institution:- Cloud computingis the idea of shifting computer services such as computation and information storage to one or more redundant offsite locations which might be available on the Internet (Chard, Tuecke and Foster, 2014). This helps us to use and operate any application software throughinternet-enabled devices. Cloud computing is a type of computing which basically drives the sharing of large amount of data and information through shared digital resources rather than through individual local servers or personal computers (Collins, 2014). To some extent cloud computing is similar togrid computing. They are similar in the sense that all unused processing cycles of all systems that are connected via a network and can be utilized to solve problems which can be too intensive for small local servers or stand-alone machines (Nepal and Pandey, 2015). Cloud computing can be of great use for the Hippocratic Medical Centre because of the way it works (Plunkett, 2014). Users can be benefited by the use of clouds in following ways: Reduced costs: The price of moving applications in the cloud is less than that of any on-site machine due to the minimum hardware costs because then the use of physical resources will be more effective (Sill, 2014). This can be of serious help for this institute. Common access: cloud computing makes it possible for the remotely located users or customers, who do not have that particular data or application software installed on their machine, to access those sites or applications via the internet (Yeo et al. 2012). Up-to-date data: it becomes easier for the cloud provider to upgrade the software based on the feedback from customers who used the previous releases (Tari, 2014). Ease of choosing application:By introducing clouds, the organisation can facilitate the cloud users and gives them the flexibility to experiment and choose the best option suited for them (Sasikala, 2013). Cloud computing also enables the organisation to use access and pay for only the products that they use and that too with a faster implementation time (Ranjan, 2014). Can be greener and economical: In the cloud the average amount of energy which is needed for a singular computational action to be performed is far less than that of the average amount of energy for an on-site hosting (Nepal, Ranjan and Choo, 2015). This happens because different institutions and their branches can share the resources safely and securely, thus allowing the use of shared resources in a more efficient way. Flexible: cloud computing facilitates cloud users to switch and swap applications easily and rapidly (Khurana, 2014). Thus it is easy for them to select the one that suits their needs the most. Thus, if Hippocratic Medical Institution adopts this technology into their system their system would be more feasible, easy to operate and will get all the benefits of cloud. Big data analytics:- Today, through the help of Big Data, large institutions and organisations are accessing data more than ever before. Previously, the data that were considered dead or of no value, because they were unstructured or old, have now been collected, analysed and reused for the benefit of organisations (Huang and Nicol, 2013). Organisations have now been blessed with the opportunity of discovering correlations between data and matching patterns that were previously hidden (Buyya, 2013). Implementation of Big Data Analytics tools gives the organisations more power now as they can access more accurate data and information (Franks, 2012). It obviously helps and influences their business. Big Data can provide benefits to an institution such as Hippocratic Medical Centre, in following ways: Ensure there are more than enough data to make important decisions about business and those data are accurate and up-to-date (Choo, 2014). Big Data can play a major part in making this job far easier than the conventional manual way. The amount of availability of data can be increasing using Big Data. It will improve marketing strategies and target more customers, thus increasing the customer base (Chen, Bhargava and Zhongchuan, 2014). Ultimately, big data can be beneficial to an organisation as it is possible to increase revenue, reduce cost, attracts customers (Chard, Tuecke and Foster, 2014). Organisations business decisions are improved making it possible to attract the large number of customers, cutting costs and developing smart marketing strategies (Catlett, 2013). Thus, Big Data can largely contribute to these types of Institutions and ultimately increase their business prospects, provide a solid base for structuring the large amount records in the database, increase the availability of data and records. Reference List:- Bhargava, B., Khalil, I. and Sandhu, R. (2014). 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Jamshidi, P., Ahmad, A. and Pahl, C. (2013). Cloud Migration Research: A Systematic Review.IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing, 1(2), pp.142-157. Khurana, A. (2014). Bringing Big Data Systems to the Cloud.IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(3), pp.72-75. Khurana, A. (2014). Bringing Big Data Systems to the Cloud.IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(3), pp.72-75. Nepal, S. and Pandey, S. (2015). Guest Editorial: Cloud Computing and Scientific Applications (CCSA)--Big Data Analysis in the Cloud.The Computer Journal. Nepal, S., Ranjan, R. and Choo, K. (2015). Trustworthy Processing of Healthcare Big Data in Hybrid Clouds.IEEE Cloud Computing, 2(2), pp.78-84. Plunkett, J. (2014).Plunkett's InfoTech Industry Almanac 2014. Houston: Plunkett Research, Ltd. Ranjan, R. (2014). Modeling and Simulation in Performance Optimization of Big Data Processing Frameworks.IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(4), pp.14-19. Sasikala, P. (2013). Energy efficiency in cloud computing: way towards green computing.IJCC, 2(4), p.305. Sill, A. (2014). Cloud Standards and the Spectrum of Development.IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(3), pp.15-19. Tari, Z. (2014). Security and Privacy in Cloud Computing.IEEE Cloud Computing, 1(1), pp.54-57. Yeo, S., Pan, Y., Lee, Y. and Chang, H. (2012).Computer science and its applications. Dordrecht: Springer.
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